We waited till the cooler end of the day before embarking on our big walk – nearly 2 Kms on the battlements of this ancient walled city. Over many 100 ‘s of years the citizens of this city went to extraordinary lengths to protect themselves from the other invaders from various cultures.

Today’s intact city walls, constructed mainly during the 12th–17th centuries, mostly a double line, have long been a source of pride for Dubrovnik.The walls run an uninterrupted course of approximately 1,940 metres (6,360 ft) in length, encircling most of the old city, and reach a maximum height of about 25 metres (82 ft).The bulk of the existing walls and fortifications were constructed during the 14th and 15th centuries, but were continually extended and strengthened up until the 17th century.
This complex structure, amongst the largest and most complete in Europe, protected the freedom and safety of a “civilised” and “sophisticated” republic that flourished in peace and prosperity for five centuries.The walls were reinforced by three circular and 14 quadrangular towers, five bastions (bulwarks), two angular fortifications and the large St. John’s Fortress.Land Walls were additionally reinforced by one larger bastion and nine smaller semicircular ones, like the casemate Fort Bokar, the oldest preserved fort of that kind in Europe.The moat that ran around the outside section of the city walls which were armed by more than 120 cannons, made superb city defense.

After all those many steps we treated ourselves , yet again , to a wonderful meal in the heart of the old city . Really is now a tourist town , too expensive for regular Croatians to live, most local folk live outside the old city now , just older people hanging on.